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<trans-title> Translated Title (deprecated)

Title of a document or document part that has been translated into a language other than that of the original publication. This element is deprecated.

Usage/Remarks

Best Practice Within Title Groups
The typical use of <trans-title> and <trans-subtitle> is inside the <trans-title-group> elements. All three of these “trans-” elements are now deprecated. The element <trans-title-group> may occur inside <book-title-group>, <index-title-group>, <title-group> or <toc-title-group>. Best Practice is never to use <trans-title-group>, rather to repeat the appropriate title group (such as <book-title-group>) and use @xml:lang and the multi-language attributes to differentiate among title groups. (See essay on using multi-language mechanism.)
When a document is published simultaneously in more than one language, there is no need to choose one title as the original and call all other document titles “translated” titles. the multi-language attributes can be used to mark all titles as original.
Journal Article Titles in Citations
Within bibliographic references (<element-citation>, <mixed-citation> and similar elements), <article-title>s and <part-title>s should repeat for different languages (using the @xml:lang attribute to indicate the language). Any matching subtitle should be incorporated as part of the title.
The multi-language attributes may be used to express the relationship between multiple titles and/or to tie the same title in multiple languages together. For example, if a cited article were originally in French, the <article-title> element would contain the French title with an @xml:lang attribute (@xml:lang="fr") and a @lang-variant attribute to say that French was the original language (@lang-variant="original"). A second <article-title> element could contain an English title, identified with an @xml:lang attribute (@xml:lang="en") and a @lang-variant attribute to say that the English was a translation (@lang-variant="translation").
Journal names or titles would be tagged as a <source>s, with appropriate multi-lingual attributes identifying the language(s) and variant(s).
Subtitles in Citations
Within a bibliographic reference (<element-citation>, <mixed-citation>, and similar element), article titles are tagged as <article-title>s, but there is no separate element for <subtitle>. For best retrieval, subtitles should be tagged as part of the title.
Cited Books
Within a bibliographic reference (<element-citation>, <mixed-citation>, and similar elements), book titles are tagged with the element <source>, which may be repeated for multiple languages.
Related Elements
In the metadata for a book or book-part, there are several elements concerned with the title of a book or book component. Such titles are contained within container elements: <book-title-group> (inside the <book-meta>), <title-group> (inside book parts), <index-title-group> (inside an Index), or the <toc-title-group> (inside a Table of Contents).
These title elements include:
  • The <book-title> is the full title of the entire book in the original language of the document. Book parts such as a Dedication, a chapter, an appendix, an Index, or a Table of Contents use the element <title> for their full titles in the original language of the document.
  • The <subtitle> is a subordinate or auxiliary title that adds information to a full title or modifies a full title. Subtitles may modify either <book-title> elements or structural <title> elements.
  • The <alt-title> is another version of a book title or a structural title, usually created so that the title can be processed in a special way, for example, a short version of the title for use in a Table of Contents, an ASCII title, a title without equations, or a version of the title to be used in the right-running-head.
  • The <trans-title-group> is also a container element (inside either a <book-title-group> or one of the other title groups) that holds together a translated title (<trans-title>) and its translated subtitle (<trans-subtitle>). These “trans-” elements are now deprecated. The translated title is a version of the title translated into a language other than the original language of publication, and the matching subtitle is a version of the subtitle translated into a language other than the original language. The current way to tag translated titles and subtitles is to repeat the entire title group and use @xml:lang and the multi-language attributes to differentiate titles. (See essay on using multi-language mechanism.)
Attributes
content-type
specific-use

Multi-lang Attributes

lang-focus
lang-focus-custom
lang-group
lang-source
lang-source-custom
lang-translate
lang-variant
lang-variant-custom

Base Attributes

id
xml:base
xml:lang
Models and Context
May be contained in
<element-citation>, <mixed-citation>, <product>, <related-article>, <related-object>, <trans-title-group>
Description
Any combination of:
Content Model
<!ELEMENT  trans-title  (#PCDATA %trans-title-elements;)*            >
Expanded Content Model

(#PCDATA | email | ext-link | uri | inline-supplementary-material | related-article | related-object | hr | bold | fixed-case | italic | monospace | overline | overline-start | overline-end | roman | sans-serif | sc | serif | strike | underline | underline-start | underline-end | ruby | alternatives | inline-graphic | inline-media | private-char | chem-struct | inline-formula | tex-math | mml:math | abbrev | index-term | index-term-range-end | milestone-end | milestone-start | named-content | styled-content | fn | target | xref | sub | sup | x | break)*

Tagged Samples
Two titles and two abstracts, each with language identified
(Second <article-title> replaces deprecated <trans-title>) 
<book-meta>
   <book-id  book-id-type="publisher-id"
     >0002792-200209170-00001</book-id>
   <book-title-group xml:lang="en">
    <book-title>Quebec's Bill 114</book-title>
   </book-title-group>
   <book-title-group  xml:lang="fr">
    <book-title>La Loi 114 du Qu&eacute;bec</book-title>
   </book-title-group>
   ...
   <abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>When 51-year-old Claude Dufresne, experiencing his second 
     myocardial infarction, arrived ...</p>
   </abstract>
   <abstract xml:lang="fr">
    <p>Claude Dufresne, 51 ans, en proie &agrave; son deuxi&egrave;me
     infarctus du myocarde, est arriv&eacute; trop tard de six minutes
     &agrave; l&apos;urgence du Centre hospitalier du Centre-de-la-Mauricie,
     h&ocirc;pital de 142 lits de Shawinigan- Sud. Les portes de
     l&apos;urgence &eacute;taient en effet ferm&eacute;es pour la nuit,
     parce qu&apos;aucun des 60 m&eacute;decins de famille ou internistes
     de l&apos;h&ocirc;pital n&apos;&eacute;tait disponible pour assurer
     le service. M. Dufresne est d&eacute;c&eacute;d&eacute; en chemin
     vers la salle d&apos;urgence ouverte la plus pr&egrave;s, &agrave;
     quelque 30 minutes de l&agrave;.</p>
   </abstract>
  </book-meta>
Showing two “original” titles
(Second <book-title> replaces deprecated <trans-title>) 
<book-meta>
  <book-id  book-id-type="publisher-id"
     >0002792-200209170-00001</book-id>
  <book-title-group xml:lang="en" lang-variant="original"> 
    <book-title>Quebec's Bill 114</book-title>
  </book-title-group>
  <book-title-group xml:lang="fr" lang-variant="original">
    <book-title>La Loi 114 du Québec</book-title>
  </book-title-group>
</book-meta>
Inside person group inside element citation 
<ref>
 <element-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="print">
  <person-group>
   <name><surname>Pinet</surname>
    <given-names>LM</given-names></name>
   <aff>Departamento de Servicios de Salud de
    Emergencia, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad
    de Maryland, Condado de Baltimore, USA.
    <email>lpinetl@umbc.edu</email>
   </aff>
  </person-group>
  <part-title xml:lang="en" lang-variant="translation"
  >Prehospital emergency care in Mexico City: the 
  opportunities of the healthcare system</part-title>
  <source>Salud Publica Mex</source>
  <year iso-8601-date="2005-01">2005</year>
  <month>Jan-Feb</month>
  <volume>47</volume>
  <issue>1</issue>
  <fpage>64</fpage>
  <lpage>71</lpage>
  <comment>Spanish</comment>
 </element-citation>
</ref>
Translated book titles 
<book dtd-version="2.2">
<book-meta>
 <book-id>...</book-id>
 <book-title-group>
  <book-title>Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors</book-title>
  <trans-title-group xml:lang="es">
   <trans-title>Carga mundial de morbilidad y de factores de riesgo</trans-title>
  </trans-title-group>
  <trans-title-group xml:lang="fr">
   <trans-title>Charge de morbidit&eacute; mondiale et facteurs de risque</trans-title>
  </trans-title-group>
 </book-title-group>
 ...
</book-meta>
</book>
In citations
Mixed citation
<ref>
 <mixed-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="print">
  <person-group><string-name><surname>Pinet</surname> 
  <given-names>LM</given-names></string-name> (<aff>Departamento
  de Servicios de Salud de Emergencia, Escuela de Posgrado,
  Universidad de Maryland, Condado de Baltimore, USA.
  <email>lpinetl@umbc.edu</email></aff>)</person-group>.
  [<trans-title xml:lang="en">Prehospital emergency care
  in Mexico City: the opportunities of the healthcare
  system</trans-title>]. <source>Salud Publica Mex</source>.
  <year iso-8601-date="2005-01">2005</year>
  <month>Jan-Feb</month>;<volume>47</volume>
  (<issue>1</issue>):<fpage>64</fpage>-<lpage>71</lpage>.
  Spanish.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
Element citation
<ref>
 <element-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="print">
  <person-group>
   <name><surname>Pinet</surname>
    <given-names>LM</given-names></name>
   <aff>Departamento de Servicios de Salud de
    Emergencia, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad
    de Maryland, Condado de Baltimore, USA.
    <email>lpinetl@umbc.edu</email>
   </aff>
  </person-group>
  <trans-title xml:lang="en">Prehospital emergency
   care in Mexico City: the opportunities of the
   healthcare system</trans-title>
  <source>Salud Publica Mex</source>
  <year iso-8601-date="2005-01">2005</year>
  <month>Jan-Feb</month>
  <volume>47</volume>
  <issue>1</issue>
  <fpage>64</fpage>
  <lpage>71</lpage>
  <comment>Spanish</comment>
 </element-citation>
</ref>
Related Resources