article-type

Type of Article

Type or kind of article (for example, “research”, “commentary”, “review”, “case”, or “calendar”).

Usage

This attribute can be used to attach information classes to articles for grouping or searching. An archive may use this, for example, to preserve the publisher’s classification of an article.

Use for primary article — When the article is a commentary on another article (for example, a correction or addendum), this attribute contains metadata concerning the commentary itself; it does not define the kind of article that is being corrected or amended.

Remarks

Best Practice: When possible, articles should be assigned types, that is, this attribute should used on the <article> element to provide typing information for retrieval or record keeping. Many publishers indicate the type of article, either in an attribute like this one, or with unique element declarations (such as “<review>” or “<calendar>”), and this attribute has been designed to preserve that information. If the article is not one of the listed types or the type of article cannot be determined, the “other” attribute value may be used, or the attribute may be omitted.

Attribute Values

In Elements

<article>
<sub-article>
ValueMeaning
Text, numbers, or special characters Names the type of article, for example, “research-article”.
Restriction: This is an optional attribute; there is no default.

Suggested usage

Although designed to accept any text as its value, the following are suggested article identifier types:

abstract

The article itself is an abstract (of a paper or presentation) that usually has been presented or published separately.

addendum

A published work that adds additional information or clarification to another work (The somewhat similar value “correction” corrects an error in previously published material.)

announcement

Material announced in the publication (may or may not be directly related to the publication)

article-commentary

A work whose subject or focus is another article or articles; this article comments on the other article(s). (This value would be used when the editors of a publication invite an author with an opposing opinion to comment on a controversial article and then publish the two together. The somewhat similar value “editorial” is reserved for commentary written by an editor or other publication staff.)

book-review

Review or analysis of one or more printed or online books (The similar value “product-review” is used for product analyses.)

books-received

Notification that items, for example, books or other works, have been received by a publication for review or other consideration

brief-report

A short and/or rapid announcement of research results

calendar

A list of events

case-report

Case study, case report, or other description of a case

collection

Wrapper article for a series of sub-articles or responses; this value’s usage is restricted to articles whose intellectual content appears primarily in <sub-article> or <response>.

correction

A modification or correction of previously published material; this is sometimes called “errata” (The somewhat similar value “addendum” merely adds to previously published material.)

discussion

Invited discussion related to a specific article or issue

dissertation

Thesis or dissertation written as part of the completion of a degree of study

editorial

Opinion piece, policy statement, or general commentary, typically written by staff of the publication (The similar value “article-commentary” is reserved for a commentary on a specific article or articles, which is written by an author with a contrasting position, not an editor or other publication staff.)

in-brief

Summary or teaser of items in the current issue

introduction

An introduction to a publication, or to a series of articles within a publication, etc., typically for a special section or issue

letter

Letter to a publication, typically commenting upon a published work

meeting-report

Report of a conference, symposium, or meeting

news

News item, normally current but atypically historical

obituary

Announcement of a death, or the appreciation for a colleague who has recently died

oration

Reprint of a speech or oral presentation

partial-retraction

Retraction or disavowal of part(s) of previously published material

product-review

Description, analysis, or review of a product or service, for example, a software package (The similar value “book-review” is used for analyses of books.)

rapid-communication

Fast-breaking research update or other news item

reply

Reply to a letter or commentary, typically by the original author commenting upon the comments

reprint

Reprint of a previously published article

research-article

Article reporting on primary research (The related value “review-article” describes a literature review, research summary, or state-of-the-art article.)

retraction

Retraction or disavowal of previously published material

review-article

Review or state-of-the-art summary article (The related value “research-article” describes original research.)

translation

Translation of an article originally produced in a different language