A multi-language citation
must be tagged as one citation so that it will be seen as a single citation
by citation services and referenced as one from within the document. Therefore, within a single citation,
this Tag Set allows components in more than one language. A study of multi-language citations
showed that some publishers cluster
all the elements of one language together, some intersperse single-language clusters, and some
alternate languages (source in English followed by source in Japanese). To handle this degree of variety,
the @xml:lang attribute
may be used freely on the elements within a citation to mark those as a language other than the primary language
of the document
Best Practice:
- A contributor name in more than one language should be placed inside a <name-alternatives> grouping
element. This ensures that one author does not get cited multiple times for a single article. All the named alternatives in such a grouping
represent the same author.
- An <article-title> in more than one language may either use the
<trans-title> element for the second title, or use the element
<article-title> for both with an @xml:lang attribute.
(Note: The element <trans-title> was preserved for backwards compatibility purposes.)
- A <source> in more than one language may either use the
<trans-source> element for the second source, or use the element
<source> for both with an @xml:lang attribute.
(Note: The element <trans-source> was preserved for backwards compatibility purposes.)
- Other elements within a citation that are present in more than one language may use the @xml:lang attribute on each element to mark the language or just mark those in the second (and all subsequent) languages.