◇◆

<th> Table Header Cell (NISO JATS table model)

One cell in the table header, as opposed to an ordinary cell in the body of a table. (This element is based on and intended to be converted easily to the XHTML th element.)

Usage/Remarks

The many attributes of <td> provide such functions as horizontal and vertical alignment, column and row spanning, character alignment, and some basic accessibility features.
Accessibility
The @headers and @scope attributes make tables more accessible by making explicit the relationship between a table header cell and the cells(s) to which it applies. Table headers are not always in <th> elements at the top of a table; for example, the cells in the first row of a table act as “headers” that relate to the rest of the cells in the current row. These two attributes name the cells that act as headers, either explicitly by referencing their IDs or by naming a group of cells using a keyword. Screen readers and other Assistive Technologies use @headers to provide information about the table structure that would be obvious to most sighted people.
Related Elements
There are two elements in the NISO JATS XHTML-inspired table model that should be used to contain the contents of the table: <td> contains ordinary data, and <th> contains table header data.
Attributes
abbr
align
axis
char
charoff
colspan (default = 1)
content-type
headers
rowspan (default = 1)
scope
style
valign

Base Attributes

id
xml:base
Models and Context
May be contained in
<tr>
Description
Any combination of:
Expanded Content Model

(#PCDATA | email | ext-link | uri | hr | inline-supplementary-material | related-article | related-object | disp-formula | disp-formula-group | break | citation-alternatives | element-citation | mixed-citation | nlm-citation | bold | fixed-case | italic | monospace | overline | roman | sans-serif | sc | strike | underline | ruby | inline-graphic | inline-media | private-char | chem-struct | inline-formula | disp-quote | speech | statement | verse-group | def-list | list | mml:math | p | abbrev | index-term | index-term-range-end | named-content | styled-content | code | graphic | media | preformat | answer | answer-set | explanation | question | question-wrap | question-wrap-group | fn | target | xref | sub | sup)*

Tagged Sample

Table headers at two levels

Headers for the entire table (inside <thead>) and a table segment (inside <tbody>) 
...
<table-wrap id="TN0.170">
 <caption>
  <title>Patient Care at End of Follow Up</title>
  <p>Numbers of patients receiving institutional care at
   the end of scheduled follow up and use of hospital beds
   among those allocated to day hospital or alternative
   services</p>
 </caption>
 <table frame="box" rules="all" cellpadding="5">
  
  <thead>
   <tr>
    <th></th>
    <th colspan="3" align="center" rowspan="1">Institutional care</th>
    <th></th>
    <th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1">&#x2003;Bed use (days)</th>
   </tr>
   <tr>
    <th></th>
    <th colspan="3"><hr/></th>
    <th></th>
    <th colspan="2"><hr/></th>
   </tr>
   <tr>
    <th>Control group</th>
    <th align="center">Day hospital</th>
    <th align="center">Control</th>
    <th align="center">Odds ratio (95&#x0025; CI)</th>
    <th></th>
    <th align="center">Day hospital</th>
    <th align="center">Control</th>
   </tr>
   <tr>
    <th colspan="7"><hr/></th>
   </tr>
  </thead>
  
  <tfoot>
   <tr>
    <td></td>
    <td align="center">Patients</td>
    <td align="center">Patients</td>
    <td align="center">Odds ratio</td>
    <td></td>
    <td align="center">Patients</td>
    <td align="center">Patients</td>
   </tr>
  </tfoot>
  
  <tbody>
   <tr>
    <td>Comprehensive care (5 trials)</td>
    <td align="center">151/597<xref ref-type="table-fn"
      rid="TF1-150"></xref></td>
    <td align="center">159/584</td>
    <td align="center">0.91 (0.70 to 1.19)</td>
    <td></td>
    <td align="center">20.5</td>
    <td align="center">21.4</td>
   </tr>
   <tr>
    <td>Domiciliary care (4 trials)</td>
    <td align="center">20/216</td>
    <td align="center">&#x2002;19/227</td>
    <td align="center">1.61 (0.30 to 8.55)</td>
    <td></td>
    <td align="center">&#x2002;7.7</td>
    <td align="center">11.1</td>
   </tr>
   <tr>
    <td>No comprehensive care (3 trials)</td>
    <td align="center">37/411</td>
    <td align="center">&#x2002;66/403</td>
    <td align="center">0.50<xref ref-type="table-fn"
      rid="TF1-151"></xref> (0.26 to 0.96)</td>
    <td></td>
    <td align="center">11.2</td>
    <td align="center">11.7</td>
   </tr>
   <tr>
    <td>Total</td>
    <td align="center">208/1224</td>
    <td align="center">244/1214</td>
    <td align="center">0.77 (0.52 to 1.13)</td>
    <td></td>
    <td align="center">15.0</td>
    <td align="center">16.4</td>
   </tr>
  </tbody>
 </table>
 <table-wrap-foot>
  <fn id="TF1-150"><p>Data not available for 1 trial.</p></fn>
  <fn id="TF1-151"><p>P&#x003C;0.05 (random effects model).</p></fn>
 </table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
...