<mixed-citation>

Mixed Citation

Bibliographic description of a work. Includes a combination of bibliographic reference elements and untagged text. Spacing and punctuation are preserved.

Remarks

Related Essay: For a discussion on the use of <mixed-citation>, see Tagging Bibliographic References.

Citations may be cited directly in the text of an article, but they are more commonly listed in a bibliographic reference list at the end of the article with the reference list item cited from within the text. Although in this Tag Set, citations are allowed to float freely within a paragraph, most journals require that the full citation be listed in the bibliographic reference list <ref-list> and only an <xref> be inserted into the text at the place of reference.

Best Practice: Although this Tag Set does not enforce it, best practice is to tag as many of the following elements as possible within an <mixed-citation> to a journal article or a book, so that PubMed Central, CrossRef, or other matching service can make the journal citation into a live link.

source

The title of the journal in which the cited article was published. (For journal titles, publishers and archives typically establish authority lists, for example, in PubMed Central processing, the journal title source is usually the NLM title abbreviation of the journal name <source>Physiol Rev</source>.) For book citations, this is the title of the book: <source>Moby Dick</source>.

article-title

Title of the article (Use the <source> element for titles of books, reports, conference proceedings, etc.)

volume

Number of the applicable volume of the journal

issue

Issue number of the applicable issue

fpage

Page number on which the article starts

surname

Surname (familial name) of an author or editor (This element is used inside a <name> element or <string-name> element which is repeated when multiple authors must be listed.)

year

The year of publication

month

The month of publication (if present)

day

The day of month of publication (if present)

The other elements may be tagged if desired.

Linking Best Practice: In order to make citations into live links, as much of the author and date information as is available should be preserved, even if it not possible to tag all the elements just named. The most important date tag is <year>, and it should always be tagged if possible, for example, <year>2008</year>. The <day> and <month> tags are used more rarely; they are provided because some of the citation matching services can use the month and day information if it is available.

Information Typing Best Practice: The @publication-type attribute should normally be used to distinguish between journal articles, books, reviews, personal communications, and so on.

Historical Note: This element is one of the elements that replaces the <citation> element of versions prior to JATS 3.0.

Attributes

id Identifier
publication-format Format of Publication
publication-type Type of Referenced Publication
publisher-type Type of Publisher
specific-use Specific Use
xlink:actuate Actuating the Link
xlink:href Href (Linking Mechanism)
xlink:role Role of the Link
xlink:show Showing the Link
xlink:title Title of the Link
xlink:type Type of Link
xmlns:xlink XLink Namespace Declaration
xml:lang Language

Related Elements

This <mixed-citation> element contains the bibliographic description of a work; the pointer to that description uses the <xref> element. These two elements are sometimes confused because in common language both may be called “citations”.

There are three kinds of citations in this Tag Set:

Content Model

<!ELEMENT  mixed-citation
                        (#PCDATA | %citation-elements;)*             >

Expanded Content Model

(#PCDATA | inline-supplementary-material | related-article | related-object | hr | string-date | bold | italic | monospace | overline | overline-start | overline-end | roman | sans-serif | sc | strike | underline | underline-start | underline-end | alternatives | inline-graphic | private-char | chem-struct | inline-formula | label | tex-math | mml:math | abbrev | milestone-end | milestone-start | named-content | styled-content | annotation | article-title | chapter-title | collab | collab-alternatives | comment | conf-date | conf-loc | conf-name | conf-sponsor | date | date-in-citation | day | edition | email | elocation-id | etal | ext-link | fpage | gov | institution | isbn | issn | issn-l | issue | issue-id | issue-part | issue-title | lpage | month | name | name-alternatives | object-id | page-range | part-title | patent | person-group | pub-id | publisher-loc | publisher-name | role | season | series | size | source | std | string-name | supplement | trans-source | trans-title | uri | volume | volume-id | volume-series | year | fn | target | xref | sub | sup | x)*

Description

Any combination of:

This element may be contained in:

<citation-alternatives>, <license-p>, <p>, <ref>, <td>, <th>, <title>

Example 1

Typical citation to a journal article:

<article>
<front>...</front>
<body>...</body>
<back>
<ref-list>
...
<ref id="B7">
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal">
<string-name><surname>Woodford-Williams</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names></string-name>,
<string-name><surname>McKeon</surname>
<given-names>JA</given-names></string-name>,
<string-name><surname>Trotter</surname>
<given-names>IS</given-names></string-name>,
<string-name><surname>Watson</surname>
<given-names>D</given-names></string-name>, and
<string-name><surname>Bushby</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names></string-name>.
<article-title>The day hospital in the community care
of the elderly</article-title>.
<source>Gerontology Clinic</source>
<year iso-8601-date="1962">1962</year>;
<volume>4</volume>:
<fpage>241</fpage>&ndash;
<lpage>256</lpage>.
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
...
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>

Example 2

Typical citation to a book:

...
<ref>
<mixed-citation publication-type="book" publication-format="print">
<string-name><surname>Al-Ibrahim</surname>
<given-names>MS</given-names></string-name>,
<string-name><surname>Gross</surname>
<given-names>JY</given-names></string-name>.
<chapter-title>Tobacco use</chapter-title>. In:
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<string-name><surname>Walker</surname>
<given-names>HK</given-names></string-name>,
<string-name><surname>Hall</surname>
<given-names>WD</given-names></string-name>,
<string-name><surname>Hurst</surname>
<given-names>JW</given-names></string-name></person-group>, editors.
<source>Clinical methods: the history, physical,
and laboratory examinations</source>.
<publisher-loc>Stoneham (MA)</publisher-loc>:
<publisher-name>Butterworth Publishers</publisher-name>;
&copy;<date-in-citation content-type="copyright-year"
iso-8601-date="1990">1990</date-in-citation>.
p. <fpage>214</fpage>-<lpage>216</lpage>.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
...


Example 3

Foreign language example:

...
<ref>
<mixed-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="print">
<string-name><surname>Llanos De La Torre Quiralte</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names></string-name>,
<string-name><surname>Garijo Ayestaran</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names></string-name>,
<string-name><surname>Poch Olive</surname>
<given-names>ML</given-names></string-name>.
<article-title xml:lang="es">Evolucion de la mortalidad
infantil de La Rioja (1980-1998)</article-title>
[<trans-title xml:lang="en">Evolution of the infant
mortality rate in la Rioja in Spain (1980-1998)</trans-title>].
<source>An Esp Pediatr</source>. <year iso-8601-date="2001-11">2001</year>
<month>Nov</month>;<volume>55</volume>(<issue>5</issue>):
<fpage>413</fpage>-<lpage>420</lpage>. Figura 3, Tendencia
de mortalidad infantil [Figure 3, Trends in infant
mortality]; p. 418. Spanish.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
...


Module

JATS-common1.ent