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<article-title> Article Title
Full title of an article.
Usage/Remarks
The <article-title> element is used in two contexts: as a part of
the metadata concerning the article itself and as part of
bibliographic citations.
The title is nearly always in the original language of
publication, but a publisher or archive may choose to record all
article titles in a single language, such as English, and use a
second title group to hold alternative language title/subtitle.
Article Subtitles in Article Metadata
In the article metadata (<article-meta>), the article title and
article subtitle are identified with two different elements
and tagged separately, using the <article-title> and
<subtitle> elements.
If there are title/subtitle pairs in more than one
language, the <title-group> may repeat,
once for each language.
Article Subtitles in Citations
Within bibliographic citations (<element-citation> and
<mixed-citation>),
the <article-title>
contains the full title of a cited journal article. The subtitle
cannot be given its own subtitle tag as this Tag Set identifies
no cited-subtitle element. There are several workarounds.
For references tagged with the <element-citation> element (or the deprecated <nlm-citation> element), that
do not permit untagged text, there are two choices:
- The subtitle may be included with the title in the <article-title> element (or the <source> element for book titles, proceedings titles, and other titles), or
- The subtitle may be tagged as <named-content> with a @content-type “subtitle”.
For references using the <mixed-citation>, there are three choices:
- The subtitle may be included with the title in the <article-title> element (or the <source> element for book titles, proceedings titles, and other titles),
- The subtitle may be left as untagged characters within the text of the reference, or
- The subtitle may be tagged as <named-content> with a @content-type “subtitle”.
Best Practice in Citations
Although this Tag Set cannot enforce either practice, retrieval performance will be
enhanced if the subtitle for all cited material is consistently placed within the
<article-title> element for journal articles and within the <source> element for book titles, proceedings titles, and other documents. When marked as
either a <named-content> or left as untagged text, the subtitle is easy to lose to searching. It is also not
always easy to identify, particularly with historical or foreign material, which part
of a multipart title is the main title and which the subtitle.
Attributes
Multi-lang Attributes
Models and Context
May be contained in
Description
Any combination of:
- Text, numbers, or special characters
- Linking Elements
- Related Material Elements
- Emphasis Elements
- <alternatives> Alternatives For Processing
- Inline Display Elements
- Inline Math Elements
- Math Elements
- Other Inline Elements
- Internal Linking Elements
- Baseline Change Elements
- <break> Line Break
Content Model
<!ELEMENT article-title (#PCDATA %article-title-elements;)* >
Expanded Content Model
(#PCDATA | email | ext-link | uri | inline-supplementary-material | related-article | related-object | bold | fixed-case | italic | monospace | overline | roman | sans-serif | sc | strike | underline | ruby | alternatives | inline-graphic | inline-media | private-char | chem-struct | inline-formula | tex-math | mml:math | abbrev | index-term | index-term-range-end | milestone-end | milestone-start | named-content | styled-content | fn | target | xref | sub | sup | break)*
Tagged Samples
<article-meta>
<article dtd-version="1.4">
<front>
<journal-meta>...</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">WES-10092260</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Systematic review of day hospital care for
elderly people</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>...</contrib-group>
<aff>...</aff>
<pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="1999-08-27">
<day>27</day><month>03</month><year>1999</year></pub-date>
...
</article-meta>
</front>
...
</article>
In citations
Mixed citation
...
<back>
...
<ref-list>
...
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label>
<mixed-citation>
<string-name><surname>Weissert</surname>,
<given-names>W</given-names></string-name>,
<string-name><surname>Livieratos</surname>,
<given-names>B</given-names></string-name>.
<article-title>Effects and costs of day-care
services for the chronically ill: a randomized
experiment</article-title>. <source>Medical Care</source>
<year iso-8601-date="1980">1980</year>; <volume>18</volume>:
<fpage>567</fpage>–<lpage>584</lpage>.
<pub-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">WES-6772889</pub-id>.
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
...
</ref-list>
...
</back>
...
Element citation
...
<back>
...
<ref-list>
...
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label>
<element-citation>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name><surname>Weissert</surname>
<given-names>W</given-names></name>
<name><surname>Livieratos</surname>
<given-names>B</given-names></name>
</person-group>
<article-title>Effects and costs of day-care
services for the chronically ill: a randomized
experiment</article-title>
<source>Medical Care</source>
<year iso-8601-date="1980">1980</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<fpage>567</fpage>
<lpage>584</lpage>
<pub-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">WES-6772889</pub-id>
</element-citation>
</ref>
...
</ref-list>
...
</back>
...
Related Resources
- See: Titles in Citations