<month>
Month
Names one of the months of the year, such as
“July”
or “07”.
Remarks
Used within both article metadata and citations, this element may contain the textual name of a month (“December”), a month-name abbreviation (“Dec”), or a numeric month (“12”). Numeric months are best practice for archives who wish to regularize their data.
Best Practice: For ease in comparisons and searching, many archives prefer that months be converted to numeric value of the following form:
- 01 = January
- 02 = February
- 03 = March
Related Essay: For a discussion on the use of <month>, see Dates in Citations.
Attributes
Content Model
<!ELEMENT month (#PCDATA) >
Description
Text, numbers, or special characters
This element may be contained in:
Example 1
In article metadata as a lifecycle (<history>) date:
...
<article-meta>...
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<collab collab-type="committee">Technical Committee ISO/TC 108,
Subcommittee SC 2</collab>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>...
<fpage seq="1">1</fpage>
<lpage>23</lpage>
<history>
<date date-type="approved" iso-8601-date="2012-06-01">
<day>01</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2012</year>
</date>
</history>
...</article-meta>
...Example 2
In article metadata as part of the publication date and a lifecycle (<history>) date:
... <article-meta> <article-id pub-id-type="pmid">...</article-id> <title-group>...</title-group> <contrib-group>...</contrib-group> <aff id="StLukes">...</aff> <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="1999-03-27"> <day>27</day><month>03</month><year>1999</year> </pub-date> <volume>318</volume> <issue>7187</issue> <fpage>837</fpage> <lpage>841</lpage> <history> <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="1999-01-29"> <day>29</day> <month>01</month> <year>1999</year></date> </history> <permissions> <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1999, British Medical Journal</copyright-statement> <copyright-year>1999</copyright-year> <copyright-holder>British Medical Journal</copyright-holder> </permissions> <abstract> <p>To examine the effectiveness of day hospital attendance in prolonging independent living for elderly people.</p> </abstract> </article-meta> ...
Example 3
In an element-style bibliographic reference (punctuation and spacing removed):
...
<ref>
<element-citation publication-type="book" publication-format="web">
<source>Fact sheet: AIDS information resources</source>
<comment>[Internet]</comment>
<publisher-loc>Bethesda (MD)</publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>National Library of Medicine
(US)</publisher-name>
<year iso-8601-date="2003-05-02">2003</year>
<month>May</month>
<day>2</day>
<date-in-citation content-type="updated"
iso-8601-date="2005-07-14">updated 2005 Jul 14</date-in-citation>
<date-in-citation content-type="access-date"
iso-8601-date="2006-11-15">cited 2006 Nov 15</date-in-citation>
<size units="screens">[about 3 screens]</size>
<comment>Available from:
<uri>http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/aidsinfs.html</uri>
</comment>
</element-citation>
</ref>
...Example 4
In a mixed-style bibliographic reference (punctuation and spacing preserved):
...
<ref>
<mixed-citation publication-type="book" publication-format="web">
<source>Fact sheet: AIDS information resources</source>
[Internet]. <publisher-loc>Bethesda
(MD)</publisher-loc>: <publisher-name>National
Library of Medicine (US)</publisher-name>;
<year iso-8601-date="2003-05-02">2003</year> <month>May</month>
<day>2</day> [updated <date-in-citation content-type="updated"
iso-8601-date="2005-07-14">2005 Jul 14</date-in-citation>;
cited <date-in-citation content-type="access-date"
iso-8601-date="2006-11-15">2006 Nov 15</date-in-citation>].
<size units="screens">[about 3 screens]</size>.
Available from:
<uri>http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/aidsinfs.html</uri>.
</mixed-citation>
</ref>
...