Version 1.2 to 1.3d1 Changes

The ANSI/NISO Z39.96-2019: JATS 1.2 version is the latest ANSI/NISO standard JATS. This draft JATS 1.3d1 version (JATS Committee Draft) is fully backward compatible with JATS 1.1 (2015) and JATS 1.2 (2019). Any document valid to JATS 1.1 or JATS 1.2 will be valid to the JATS 1.3d1 version of the same JATS Tag Set, if the @dtd-version attribute is updated. Changes to JATS 1.2 to produce JATS 1.3d1 were made in response to user comments on the previous versions.
This Committee draft may not be stable and may change any time until the next version of the standard is approved by ANSI/NISO. There is no commitment that future drafts or future JATS standards will be compatible with this Committee draft. Basing implementations on this draft may be premature.

1.1 Catalog and Formal Public Identifiers

New catalog files (catalog-jats-v1-3d1-no-base.xml and catalog-jats-v1-3d1-with-base.xml) were established, as version 1.3d1 catalogs, with a publication date of August 2019. Each of the JATS-named files (filenames unchanged) were given a new Formal Public Identifier (fpi) in which JATS 1.2 became "v1.3d1 20190831", the first JATS Standing Committee draft following the final ANSI/NISO vote on JATS 1.2.

1.2 New Elements Added

All changes apply to all Tag Sets unless specifically noted below.

1.2.1 New Question/Answer Models Added from BITS

BITS has contained a model for questions and answers (not for full quizzes, but quizzes might be constructed from them) since BITS 2.0. That model was rolled into JATS. For more information concerning how to use these new models, See Questions and Answers.
  • Question/Answer elements added:
    • <answer> — The answer to a question.
      In Publishing, an <answer> may be contained in: <app>, <app-group>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <disp-quote>, <glossary>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <notes>, <p>, <ref-list>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, and <th> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <answer-set>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap>.
      In Archiving, an <answer> may be contained in: <abstract>, <ack>, <app>, <app-group>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <disp-quote>, <glossary>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <notes>, <p>, <ref-list>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th>, <trans-abstract> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <answer-set>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap>.
      In Authoring, an <answer> may be contained in: <app>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <p>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <answer-set>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap>.
    • <answer-set> — A series of answers, typically in response to a question.
      In Publishing, an <answer-set> may be contained in: <app>, <app-group>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <disp-quote>, <glossary>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <notes>, <p>, <ref-list>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap>.
      In Archiving, an <answer-set> may be contained in: <abstract>, <ack>, <app>, <app-group>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <disp-quote>, <glossary>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <notes>, <p>, <ref-list>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th>, <trans-abstract> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap>.
      In Authoring, an <answer-set> may be contained in: <app>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <p>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap>.
    • <explanation> — A description of a question/answer or of just an answer or answer set. The explanation may describe, for example, why this particular answer is incorrect, or where in the text the material for this question can be found, et al.
      In Publishing, an <explanation> may be contained in: <app>, <app-group>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <disp-quote>, <glossary>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <notes>, <p>, <ref-list>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, and <th> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <answer-set>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap>.
      In Archiving, an <explanation> may be contained in: <abstract>, <ack>, <app>, <app-group>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <disp-quote>, <glossary>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <notes>, <p>, <ref-list>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th>, <trans-abstract> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <answer-set>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap>.
      In Authoring, an <explanation> may be contained in: <app>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <p>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <answer-set>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap>.
    • <option> — One of the possible answer-choices for a multiple-choice question. An attribute can be used to identify options which are correct. An <option> may be used only inside a <question>.
    • <question> — A question (request for an answer) used in the text or as part of a quiz, exam, etc.
      In Publishing, a <question> may be contained in: <app>, <app-group>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <disp-quote>, <glossary>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <notes>, <p>, <ref-list>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap>.
      In Archiving, a <question> may be contained in: <abstract>, <ack>, <app>, <app-group>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <disp-quote>, <glossary>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <notes>, <p>, <ref-list>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th>, <trans-abstract> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap>.
      In Authoring, a <question> may be contained in: <app>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, license-p>, <named-content>, <p>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap>.
    • <question-preamble> — A container element to hold setup/preamble information when the setup is shared by several questions, for example, a diagram is shown and the questions are similar to “What is angle a?”. A <question-preamble> may be used only inside <question-wrap-group>.
    • <question-wrap> — Used to model a Question/Answer scheme. These questions may be used, for example, for the Continuing Medical Education articles. The model allows for simple questions followed by their corresponding answers or for a multiple choice setup, where questions are followed by multiple alternative answers (<option> elements), along with the correct answer and an explanation.
      In Publishing, the element <question-wrap> may be used inside <app>, <app-group>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <disp-quote>, <glossary>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <notes>, <p>, <ref-list>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap>.
      In Archiving, the element <question-wrap> may be used inside <abstract>, <ack>, <app>, <app-group>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <disp-quote>, <glossary>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <notes>, <p>, <ref-list>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th>, <trans-abstract> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap>.
      In Authoring, the element <question-wrap> may be used inside <app>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <p>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap>.
    • <question-wrap-group> — A container element used to hold a group of <question-wrap> elements, for example, when all the questions share a common preamble (setup).
      In Publishing, the element <question-wrap-group> may be used inside <app>, <app-group>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <disp-quote>, <glossary>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <notes>, <p>, <ref-list>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, and <question-preamble>.
      In Archiving, the element <question-wrap-group> may be used inside <abstract>, <ack>, <app>, <app-group>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <disp-quote>, <glossary>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <notes>, <p>, <ref-list>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th>, <trans-abstract> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, and <question-preamble>.
      In Authoring, the element <question-wrap-group> may be used inside <app>, <bio>, <body>, <boxed-text>, <license-p>, <named-content>, <p>, <sec>, <styled-content>, <td>, <th> as well as in the following Question/Answer elements: <answer>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, and <question-preamble>.

1.2.2 Differences in Authoring Because of Questions

When Questions and Answers were added to Authoring, they used some elements and attributes that had long been in Archiving and Publishing, but which Authoring did not contain. In order to keep the Question/Answer models the same in each of the three tag sets, these elements and attributes were added to Authoring, for use inside question elements only.
New Elements in Authoring: Authoring added the following elements because they were used in questions and answers. These elements had never been used in Authoring before:
  • <alt-title> (used in <answer>, <answer-set>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, and <question-wrap-group>)
  • <compound-subject> (Used in <subj-group>)
  • <compound-subject-part> (Used in <compound-subject>)
  • <sec-meta> (Used in <question>)
  • <subject> (Used in <subj-group>)
  • <subj-group> (Used in <sec-meta> and <subj-group>)
New Attributes for Authoring: Authoring added the following attributes because they were used in questions and answers. These attributes had never been used in Authoring before:
  • @alt-title-type (Used on <alt-title>)
  • @subj-group-type (Used on <subj-group>)
  • @vocab (Used on <compound-subject>, <subject>, <subj-group>)
  • @vocab-identifier (Used on <compound-subject>, <subject>, <subj-group>)
  • @vocab-term (Used on <compound-subject>, <subject>)
  • @vocab-term-id (Used on <compound-subject>, <subject>)
Changes in Attributes for Authoring: In addition to the question/answer element attributes, Authoring added the following attributes to the new question-only additional elements:
  • @assigning-authority
    • <compound-kwd>
    • <compound-subject>
    • <subject>
    • <subj-group>
  • @content-type
    • <compound-subject>
    • <compound-subject-part>
    • <subject>
  • @id and @xml:base
    • <alt-title>
    • <compound-subject>
    • <compound-subject-part>
    • <subject>
    • <sec-meta>
    • <subject>
    • <subj-group>
  • @specific-use
    • <alt-title>
    • <subj-group>
  • @subj-group-type
    • <subj-group>
  • @xml:lang
    • <alt-title>
    • <subj-group>
New Parameter Entities for Authoring: Authoring added the following Parameter Entities to be able to tag questions:
  • %alt-title-atts;
  • %alt-title-elements;
  • %compound-subject-atts;
  • %compound-subject-model;
  • %compound-subject-part-atts;
  • %compound-subject-part-elements;
  • %sec-back-matter-mix;
  • %sec-meta-atts;
  • %sec-meta-model;
  • %subject-atts;
  • %subject-elements;
  • %subj-group-atts;
  • %subj-group.class;
  • %subj-group-model;

1.3 Changes to Elements

The following element models were changed (in all tag sets unless specifically noted):

1.4 New Attributes

The following new attributes were added (in all tag sets unless specifically noted):

Attributes Used in the New Question/Answer Model

  • @audience — Names the perspective audience for the question(s), Values are not restricted. @audience is available on the following elements:
    • <question-wrap>
    • <question-wrap>
  • @correct — Marks a multiple-choice option as correct or incorrect, using the values “yes” and “no”. The attribute @correct is available only on the <option> element.
  • @pointer-to-explained — Used in an <explanation> to point to the <question>, <answer>, or <option> that is being explained. Values are one or more @ids of the elements being pointed to (using IDREF). @pointer-to-explained is available only on the <explanation> element.
  • @pointer-to-question — Used in an <answer> to point to the <question>(s) for which it supplies correct answer(s). @pointer-to-question is available only on the <answer> element.
  • @question-response-type — Used to mark a question as taking a particular type of answer or set of answers, for example, “multiple-choice” or “essay”. Values are restricted to “essay”, “fill-in-the-blank”, “multi-select”, “multiple-choice”e, “short-answer”, and “true-false”. @question-response-type is available only on the <question> element.
  • @content-type, @id, @specific-use, @xml:base, and @xml:lang — Added to the following elements:
    • <answer>
    • <answer-set>
    • <explanation>
    • <option>
    • <question>
    • <question-preamble>
    • <question-wrap>
    • <question-wrap-group>

1.5 Changes to Attributes

There were the following attribute modifications (in all tag sets unless specifically noted):

1.6 New Parameter Entities

The following parameter entities, were added:
  • %block-alternatives-atts;
  • %block-alternatives.class; (Holds the elements that may be included inside a Block Alternatives elements: boxed-text | fig | fig-group | table-wrap | table-wrap-group.)
  • %block-alternatives-model;
  • %subj-group.class; (Holds just <subj-group>)

PEs Added for Question/Answer

The following parameter entities, were added:
  • %answer-atts;
  • %answer-model;
  • %answer-para-level;
  • %answer-set-atts;
  • %answer-set-model;
  • %answer-types;
  • %block-display-minus-explanation.class;
  • %explanation-atts;
  • %explanation-model;
  • %option-atts;
  • %option.class;
  • %option-model;
  • %question-answer.class;
  • %question-answer.ent;
  • %question-atts;
  • %question-model;
  • %question-preamble-atts;
  • %question-preamble-model;
  • %question-wrap-atts;
  • %question-wrap.class;
  • %question-wrap-group-atts;
  • %question-wrap-group-model;
  • %question-wrap-model;

Journal Publishing Tag Library NISO JATS Version 1.3d1 (ANSI/NISO Z39.96-2019)

Version of October 2019

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