<alternatives>

Alternatives For Processing

Container element used to hold a group of processing alternatives, for example, a single <graphic> that ships in several formats (tif, gif, and jpeg) or in different resolutions. This element is a physical grouping to contain multiple logically equivalent (substitutable) versions of the same information object. Typically these are processing alternatives, and the reader is expected to see only one version of the object.

Remarks

<alternatives> is neither inherently block nor inherently inline in nature, because the block or inline quality is determined by context and usage. Typical examples for this element are a <graphic> that ships with a document in multiple versions (for example, as a .tif, a .jpeg, and an SVG file); or an <inline-formula> that is available as a .tif (<inline-graphic>), encoded in MathML, as well as encoded in TeX, and as a plain ASCII. These graphics may be loose inside a paragraph or enclosed in a structure such as a figure. The related element <block-alternatives> holds multiple copies of larger block-level-only structure such as figures and tables.
Related Resource: For a discussion on tagging processing alternatives, see Tagging Alternative Versions.
Accessibility: This element, by providing a container for alternative versions of a media or graphical object, enables providing a textual alternative to any media or graphical object as well as providing an enlarged version of the graphic for accessibility.

Related Elements

Alternatives Inside a Structure: The <alternatives> element is used inside a single figure, table, or similar block structure to hold several versions of the content for the single figure, table, etc. For example, a single table could contain a graphic, a MathML-tagged equation, and a LaTeX-tagged equation as processing alternatives (inside the <alternatives> element).
Block-level Alternatives: In contrast, <block-alternatives> is used to hold more than one table (figure, etc.) when there are multiple tables (<table-wrap>) which must be treated as equivalent processing alternatives, for example, to hold two or more versions of a table or figure, each in a different language.

Attributes

id Document Internal Identifier
xml:base Base

Content Model

<!ELEMENT  alternatives %alternatives-model;                         >

Expanded Content Model

(array | chem-struct | code | graphic | inline-graphic | inline-media | inline-supplementary-material | media | preformat | private-char | supplementary-material | table | textual-form | tex-math | mml:math)+

Description

One or more of any of:

This element may be contained in:

<addr-line>, <alt-title>, <answer>, <app>, <app-group>, <array>, <article-title>, <attrib>, <award-id>, <bio>, <body>, <bold>, <boxed-text>, <chapter-title>, <chem-struct>, <chem-struct-wrap>, <collab>, <comment>, <compound-kwd-part>, <compound-subject-part>, <conf-theme>, <def-head>, <disp-formula>, <disp-quote>, <element-citation>, <explanation>, <fig>, <fig-group>, <fixed-case>, <floats-group>, <funding-source>, <glossary>, <inline-formula>, <italic>, <label>, <license-p>, <meta-value>, <mixed-citation>, <monospace>, <named-content>, <notes>, <option>, <overline>, <p>, <part-title>, <product>, <question>, <question-preamble>, <ref-list>, <roman>, <sans-serif>, <sc>, <sec>, <see>, <see-also>, <sig-block>, <source>, <strike>, <styled-content>, <sub>, <subject>, <subtitle>, <sup>, <supplement>, <supplementary-material>, <support-source>, <table-wrap>, <td>, <term>, <term-head>, <th>, <title>, <trans-source>, <trans-subtitle>, <trans-title>, <underline>, <verse-line>

Example 1

Two alternative graphics, differentiated by usage:
... 
<fig id="f3" position="float">
<label>FIG. 3.</label>
<caption>...</caption>
<alternatives>
<graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="1.4821168.figures.highres.f3.zip"/>
<graphic specific-use="online" xlink:href="1.4821168.figures.online.f3.jpg"/>
</alternatives>
</fig>
...

Example 2

Three alternatives to a table inside a <table-wrap>, one tagged XML and two graphical:
...
<table-wrap id="pbio-0020328-t003" position="float">
<label>Table 3</label>
<caption>
<title>Systematic Inactivation of SpoIIID-Activated Genes</title>
</caption>
<alternatives>

<graphic xlink:href="pbio.0020328.t003.tif"/>

<graphic xlink:href="pbio.0020328.t003.gif"/>

<table frame="box" rules="all" cellpadding="5">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>Strain</td>
<td>Description</td>
<td>Sporulation Efficiency (Percent)<sup>a</sup></td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>PY79</td>
<td>wild type</td>
<td>100</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RL2391</td>
<td><italic>asnO&Delta;::spc</italic></td>
<td>0.000001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PE563</td>
<td><italic>cotF&Delta;::cat</italic></td>
<td>83</td>
</tr>
...
</tbody>
</table>

</alternatives>
<table-wrap-foot>
<fn id="nt301">
<p><sup>a</sup>&thinsp;Sporulation efficiency is defined as the
number of heat-resistant spores ...</p>
</fn>
</table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
...

Example 3

Two alternatives to a display equation: one MathML-XML-tagged and one graphical:
...       
<disp-formula id="pbio-0020328-e001">
<alternatives>
<mml:math display="block" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<mml:mrow><mml:msub>
<mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Strength</mml:mtext></mml:mrow>
<mml:mi>i</mml:mi></mml:msub>
<mml:mo>=</mml:mo>
<mml:mi>log</mml:mi>
<mml:mo>&ApplyFunction;</mml:mo>
<mml:mfrac>...</mml:mfrac>
<mml:mo>=</mml:mo>
...
</mml:math>
<graphic xlink:href="pbio.0020328.e001.gif"/>
</alternatives>
</disp-formula>
...

Example 4

Three alternatives to a display equation: one MathML-XML-tagged, one tagged in TeX, and one graphical:
...
<disp-formula id="eq_002">
<label>(2)</label>
<alternatives>
<graphic xlink:href="graphic/eq_002.png"/>
<mml:math>
<mml:mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mml:mi mathvariant="normal">&Delta;</mml:mi>
<mml:mi>x</mml:mi>
<mml:mi mathvariant="normal">&Delta;</mml:mi>
<mml:mi>p</mml:mi>
<mml:mo>&ge;</mml:mo>
<mml:mfrac>
<mml:mn>1</mml:mn>
<mml:mn>2</mml:mn>
</mml:mfrac>
<mml:mi class="MJX-variant">&hbar;</mml:mi>
</mml:mstyle>
</mml:math>
<tex-math><![CDATA[\displaystyle \Delta x \Delta p \geq \frac{1}{2} \hbar]]></tex-math>
</alternatives>
</disp-formula>
...

Example 5

Three media alternatives inside a paragraph, differentiated by mime subtype:
 
...
<fig id="f1" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>FIG. 1.</label>
<caption>
<p>(a) Schematic of the working principles of HFM, (b) a typical application
scheme for an electric bias in HFM, (c) regulation the conformations and
dynamics (trapping, concentration, and sudden stretching) of λ-DNA molecules
in HFM, and (d) schematic of the trapping location regulation (enhanced online).
[URL: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4762852.1">
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4762852.1</ext-link>]
<alternatives>
  <media id="v1" mime-subtype="avi" mimetype="video" orientation="portrait"
    position="anchor" specific-use="original-format" xlink:href="v1"/>
  <media mime-subtype="mpeg" mimetype="video" orientation="portrait"
    position="anchor" specific-use="archival-format" xlink:href="v1"/>
  <media mime-subtype="x-flv" mimetype="video" orientation="portrait"
     position="anchor" specific-use="online-format" xlink:href="v1"/>
</alternatives>
</p>
</caption>
<graphic orientation="portrait" position="float" xlink:href="f1"/>
<graphic id="f1a" orientation="portrait" position="float" xlink:href="dummy1.png"/>
<graphic id="f1b" orientation="portrait" position="float" xlink:href="dummy2.png"/>
<graphic id="f1c" orientation="portrait" position="float" xlink:href="dummy3.png"/>
<graphic id="f1d" orientation="portrait" position="float" xlink:href="dummy4.png"/>
</fig>
...

Example 6

An example of a triple bond glyph. To a chemist, a triple bond is not the same as Unicode x2261, but using alternatives, as shown below, is sometimes the easiest way to display the character visually and still stay within Unicode:
...
<alternatives>

<textual-form specific-use="unicode-look-alike">&#x2261;</textual-form>

<private-char name="Triple Bond" description="Chemistry Triple Bond">
<glyph-data id="tbond" format="PBM" resolution="300"
x-size="16" y-size="32">
0000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000
0001111111111111111111111100000
0000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000
0001111111111111111111111100000
0000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000
0001111111111111111111111100000
0000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000
</glyph-data>
</private-char>

</alternatives>
...

Journal Publishing Tag Library NISO JATS Version 1.3d1 (ANSI/NISO Z39.96-2019)

Version of October 2019

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