<degrees>

Degree(s)

Academic titles or professional certifications displayed following a personal name (for example, “MD”, “PhD”).

Remarks

This element is used inside container elements about the person, such as the <contrib> element or the <speaker>. This element relates only to people, and typically follows the name of a person.
As part of information about a contributor, the <suffix> element should be used for parts of people’s names (for example, “Jr.”), not for degrees. The academic degrees are part of the information that is known about a contributor, not part of the name of the contributor, and should take the <degrees> element. Degree and certification information may be placed directly following the person’s name within the contributor information:
<contrib contrib-type="..." corresp="yes">
    <name>
      <surname>Smyth-Jones</surname>
      <given-names>George</given-names>
      <suffix>Sr.</suffix>
    </name>
    <degrees>PhD</degrees>
  </contrib>
Best Practice In Citations: When a bibliographic citation includes information about the degrees held by a cited author, those degrees should typically be treated as text and not tagged.

Related Elements

This element is not related to the similarly named MathML <degree> element, which is a mathematical term for angles and relationships and does not relate to people or education.

Attributes

content-type Type of Content
id Document Internal Identifier
specific-use Specific Use
xml:base Base
xml:lang Language

Content Model

<!ELEMENT  degrees      (#PCDATA %degrees-elements;)*                >

Expanded Content Model

(#PCDATA)*

Description

Text, numbers, or special characters, zero or more

This element may be contained in:

<contrib>, <speaker>, <string-name>

Example 

...
<article-meta>
...
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name><surname>Silverstein</surname>
<given-names>Michael Q.</given-names></name>
<aff id="UWW">
<institution>Department of Pathobiology
University of WallieWash</institution>
<addr-line>Oberlin, Washington 96204</addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name><surname>Taylor</surname>
<given-names>James C.</given-names></name>
<degrees>Ph D</degrees>
<aff id="affKalakukko">Kalakukko Corporation</aff>
<address>
<institution>Kalakukko Corporation</institution>
<addr-line>17 West Jefferson St.</addr-line>
<addr-line>Suite 207</addr-line>
<addr-line>New South Finland, MD 20856.</addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
<phone>(301) 754-5766</phone>
<fax>(301) 754-5765</fax>
<email>jct@kalakukko.com</email>
<uri>http://www.kalakukko.com</uri>
</address>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
...
</article-meta>
...

Article Authoring Tag Library NISO JATS Version 1.2 (ANSI/NISO Z39.96-2019)

Version of May 2019

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