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<aff> Affiliation

Name of an institution or organization (for example, university, corporation) with which a contributor is affiliated.

Usage/Remarks

Contributor Link Best Practice

In a typical case, the @id attribute of an <aff> element will be pointed to from one or more <contrib> elements, establishing the linkage between the contributors and their affiliation(s).
Even if the explicitly tagged numbers or symbols for author linkages are preserved in conversion, the ID/IDREF linking mechanism should be maintained or created during conversion.
Multiple Organizational Levels
All levels of a multi-level organization should be listed within a single <aff> element; for example, a program, within a department, within a university may be part of the same <aff>. Similarly, a division within a corporation would be inside one <aff> element.
Related Elements
Within an affiliation element (<aff>), the name of an institution may just be given as text, or the institution may be tagged explicitly (as an <institution>) and an institutional identifier recorded (<institution-id>). The element <institution-wrap> collects together both the name of the institution and its identifier.
A single institution may have multiple identifiers, either because different assigning agencies have defined an identifier or because the entity belongs to more than one larger organizational unit; for example, a laboratory may be part of multiple institutions.
Attributes
content-type
rid
specific-use

Multi-lang Attributes

lang-focus
lang-focus-custom
lang-group
lang-source
lang-source-custom
lang-translate
lang-variant
lang-variant-custom

Base Attributes

id
xml:base
xml:lang
Models and Context
May be contained in
<aff-alternatives>, <article-meta>, <collab>, <contrib>, <contrib-group>, <front-stub>, <journal-meta>, <person-group>
Description
Any combination of:
Content Model
<!ELEMENT  aff          (#PCDATA %aff-elements;)*                    >
Expanded Content Model
(#PCDATA | abbrev | addr-line | city | country | fax | institution |
institution-wrap | phone | postal-code | state | email | ext-link | uri |
inline-supplementary-material | related-article | related-object | break | bold | fixed-case |
italic | monospace | overline | roman | sans-serif | sc | strike | underline | ruby | label | fn |
target | xref | sub | sup)*
Tagged Samples
Inside contributor 
...
<contrib-group>
 <contrib contrib-type="author">
  <name><surname>Weinstein</surname>
   <given-names>Melvin P.</given-names></name>
  <aff>Departments of Medicine and Pathology, UMDNJ-Robert
   Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New
   Jersey 08901-0019</aff>
  <address>
   <institution>Departments of Medicine and Pathology,
    UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School</institution>
   <addr-line>1 Robert Wood Johnson Pl.</addr-line>
   <addr-line>New Brunswick, NJ 08901-0019</addr-line>
   <country>USA</country>
   <phone>(732) 235-7713</phone>
   <fax>(732) 235-7951</fax>
   <email>weinstei@umdnj.edu</email>
  </address>
 </contrib>
</contrib-group>
...
End of contributor group 
...
<contrib-group>
 <contrib contrib-type="author">
  <name name-style="western">
   <surname>Nüsslin</surname>
   <given-names>Fridtjof</given-names>
   <prefix>Dr.</prefix>
  </name>
 </contrib>
 <aff>Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Radiologische Onkologie,
  <institution>Technische Universität München</institution>, 
  Munich, Germany (Tel: 49-89-41404517, E-mail:
  <ext-link ext-link-type="email" xlink:href="mailto:nuesslin@lrz.tum.de">
  nuesslin@lrz.tum.de</ext-link>)</aff>
</contrib-group>
...
...
<contrib-group>
 <contrib contrib-type="author">
  <name><surname>Forster</surname>
   <given-names>Anne Williams</given-names>
  </name>
  <role>research physiotherapist</role>
  <xref ref-type="aff" rid="StLukes"/>
  <xref ref-type="aff" rid="RoyalInf"/>
 </contrib>
 <contrib contrib-type="author">
  <name><surname>Young</surname>
   <given-names>John G.</given-names></name>
  <role>consultant physician</role>
  <xref ref-type="aff" rid="RoyalInf"/>
 </contrib>
 <aff id="StLukes">Department of Health Care
  for the Elderly, St Luke’s Hospital, Bradford BD5
  0NA</aff>
 <aff id="RoyalInf">Academic Section
  of Geriatric Medicine, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow
  G4 0SF</aff>
</contrib-group>
...
Naming affiliated institution and its identifier 
...
<article-meta>
 ...  
 <contrib-group>
  <contrib contrib-type="author">
   <name><surname>Gaillard</surname>
    <given-names>T. D.</given-names></name>
   <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
  </contrib>
  <contrib contrib-type="author">
   <name><surname>Clark</surname>
    <given-names>H. S.</given-names></name>
   <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
  </contrib>
 </contrib-group>
 <aff id="aff1">
  <institution-wrap>
   <institution-id institution-id-type="Ringgold">1812</institution-id>
   <institution content-type="university">Harvard University</institution>
  </institution-wrap>
 </aff>
 <author-notes>
  <fn><p>Correspondence to: TD Gaillard <email>tgail@harvard.edu</email></p>
  </fn>
 </author-notes>
 ...
</article-meta>
...
Inside person group in element citation 
...
<ref>
 <element-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="print">
  <person-group>
   <name><surname>Pinet</surname>
    <given-names>LM</given-names></name>
   <aff>Departamento de Servicios de Salud de
    Emergencia, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad
    de Maryland, Condado de Baltimore, USA.
    <email>lpinetl@umbc.edu</email>
   </aff>
  </person-group>
  <part-title xml:lang="en" lang-variant="translation"
  >Prehospital emergency care in Mexico City: the 
  opportunities of the healthcare system</part-title>
  <source>Salud Publica Mex</source>
  <year iso-8601-date="2005-01">2005</year>
  <month>Jan-Feb</month>
  <volume>47</volume>
  <issue>1</issue>
  <fpage>64</fpage>
  <lpage>71</lpage>
  <comment>Spanish</comment>
 </element-citation>
</ref>
...
Affiliation name in Japanese and English 
...
<article-meta>
 ...
 <contrib-group>
  <contrib contrib-type="author">
   <name-alternatives>
    <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ja-Jpan">
     <surname>園田</surname>
     <given-names>直子</given-names>
    </name>
    <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
     <surname>Sonoda</surname>
     <given-names>Naoko</given-names>
    </name>
    <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ja-Kana">
     <surname>ソノダ</surname>
     <given-names>ナオコ</given-names>
    </name>
   </name-alternatives> 
   <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">&ast;&ast;</xref>
  </contrib>
 </contrib-group>
 <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
  <aff>
   <institution xml:lang="ja-Jpan">国立民族学博物館博物館民族学研究部</institution>
  </aff>
  <aff>
   <institution xml:lang="en">Department of Museum Anthropology, 
    National Museum of Ethnology</institution>
  </aff>
 </aff-alternatives> 
 ...
</article-meta>
...
Related Resources