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<xref> X (cross) Reference

Reference to an object within the document (for example, a table, a bibliographic citation).

This element may be used to reference anything that has an attribute of type @id. This single element takes the place of the many named types of references (such as figure references, table references, and footnote references) that are common in many journal tag sets.

The @ref-type attribute (of the <xref> element) can be used to preserve information concerning what type of element is being pointed to by the cross-reference.

Accessibility

Sometimes an <xref> needs to be pronounced in a way that is not reflected in its content or its tagging. The @alt attribute can be used to record the pronunciation for screen readers and other accessibility devices. For example, a cross-reference to a figure might be pronounced as “Figure 4”:

... See <xref alt="figure 4">Fig&#x00A0;IV.</xref>...

Display/Formatting Note

The content of the reference (if present) will be displayed as the link.

May be contained in

Any combination of:

Text, numbers, or special characters
Linking Elements
Related Material Elements
<hr> Horizontal Rule
Emphasis Elements
<alternatives> Alternatives For Processing
Inline Display Elements
Inline Math Elements
- <chem-struct> Chemical Structure (Display)
- <inline-formula> Formula, Inline
Math Elements
- <tex-math> TeX Math Equation
- <mml:math> Math (MathML Tag Set)
Other Inline Elements
Internal Linking Elements
Baseline Change Elements
- <sub> Subscript
- <sup> Superscript
<x> X - Generated Text and Punctuation
<break> Line Break

<!ELEMENT  xref         (#PCDATA %xref-elements;)*                   >

<article dtd-version="1.4d1">
 <front>...</front>
  
 <body>
  <p>... Although there is considerable descriptive literature on day hospital
   care,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> concern has been expressed
   that evidence for effectiveness is equivocal and that day hospital care
   is expensive.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> ...</p>
  ...
 </body>
  
 <back>
  ...
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1</label>
    <element-citation publication-type="book">
     <collab>Research Unit of the Royal College of Physicians and British
      Geriatric Society</collab>
     <source>Geriatric day hospitals: their role and guidelines for good
      practice</source>
     <publisher-loc>London</publisher-loc>
     <publisher-name>RCP</publisher-name>
     <year iso-8601-date="1994">1994</year>
    </element-citation>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">...</ref>
   ...
  </ref-list>
  ...
 </back>
</article>

...
<sec id="sec3">
 ...
 <p>Allocation of tags to individual molecules is outlined in
  <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2" alt="figure two">Fig.&#x00A0;2</xref>.
  First, the complete repertoire of tags in a plasmid library is 
  ligated to the entire population of cDNAs ... After separating 
  loaded microbeads from unloaded microbeads by FACS, as shown in
  <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F4" alt="figure four">Fig.&#x00A0;4</xref>,
  the hybridized DNA is ligated to the anti-tag, covalently attaching 
  one strand of the DNA to the microbead's surface. This permits easy 
  removal of the noncovalently attached strand.</p>
 <fig id="F2">...</fig>
 <fig id="F3">...</fig>
 <fig id="F4">...</fig>
</sec>
...

...
<article-meta>
 ...
 <contrib-group>  
  <contrib contrib-type="author"> 
   <name-alternatives>
    <name name-style="western"><surname>Zhang</surname>
     <given-names>Y. P.</given-names></name>
    <string-name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="zh">张轶泼</string-name>
   </name-alternatives>
   <xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref>
   <xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="n1">a)</xref>
  </contrib>
  
  <contrib contrib-type="author">
   <name-alternatives>
    <name name-style="western"><surname>Isobe</surname>
     <given-names>M.</given-names></name>
    <string-name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="zh">磯部光孝</string-name>
   </name-alternatives>
   <xref ref-type="aff" rid="a2">2</xref>
  </contrib>
  
  <contrib contrib-type="author">
   <name-alternatives>
    <name name-style="western"><surname>Liu</surname>
     <given-names>Yi</given-names></name>
    <string-name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="zh">刘仪</string-name>
   </name-alternatives>
   <xref ref-type="aff" rid="a1">1</xref>
  </contrib>  
 </contrib-group>
 <aff id="a1">...</aff>
 <aff id="a2">...</aff>
 <author-notes id="n1">...</author-notes>
 ...
</article-meta>
...

...
<table-wrap id="c5-tab2">...</table-wrap>
<table-wrap id="c5-tab3">...</table-wrap>
<p>... (see <xref ref-type="table" rid="c5-tab2">Tables&#x00A0;2</xref> 
and <xref ref-type="table" rid="c5-tab3">3</xref>)</p>
...

...
<p>... see <xref ref-type="sec" rid="c5-s3">Section&#x00A0;3</xref></p>
<sec id="c5-s3">
 <title>...</title>
 ...</sec>
...

...
<xref ref-type="fn" rid="int-fn1">1</xref>
...
<p>...<fn id="int-fn1"><p>...</p></fn>...</p>
...

...
<table-wrap>
 <table>...
  <tr><td><xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="tab1-fn1">a</xref>
   </td></tr>
 ...</table>
 <table-wrap-foot>
  <fn id="tab1-fn1"><p></p></fn>
 </table-wrap-foot>
</table-wrap>
...

...
<table-wrap id="table1">
 <label>Table 1</label>
 <caption>
  <p>Steady-state kinetic analyses for each IGF1R protein.</p>
 </caption>
 ...
 <xref ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="source-data-3" />
</table-wrap>
...
<supplementary-material id="source-data-3" content-type="sdata" 
  mimetype="application/vnd.ms-excel" xlink:href="source-data-3.xlsx">
 <label>Supplementary File 3</label>
 <caption>
  <title>Representative curves of steady-state kinetic analyses 
   for each IGF1R protein characterized</title>
  <p>Each data point was performed in duplicate and is shown 
   separately.</p>
 </caption>
</supplementary-material>
...

Related Resources

See: Accessibility

Journal Archiving and Interchange Tag Library Committee Draft version 1.4d1

<xref> X (cross) Reference

Usage/Remarks

Best Practice

Multi-lang Attributes

Base Attributes