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<degrees> Degree(s)
Academic titles or professional certifications displayed following a personal name
(for example, “MD”, “PhD”).
Usage/Remarks
This element is used inside container elements about the person, such as the <contrib> element or the <speaker>. This element relates only to people, and typically follows the name of a person.
As part of information about a contributor, the <suffix> element should be used for parts of people’s names (for example, “Jr.”), not for
degrees. The academic degrees are part of the information that is known about a contributor,
not part of the name of the contributor, and should take the <degrees> element. Degree and certification information may be placed directly following the
person’s name within the contributor information:
<contrib contrib-type="..." corresp="yes"> <name> <surname>Smyth-Jones</surname> <given-names>George</given-names> <suffix>Sr.</suffix> </name> <degrees>PhD</degrees> </contrib>
Or the <degrees> may be included later within the contributor element, interspersed with other types
of contributor information such as <address>, <aff>, <bio>, and <email>.
Best Practice In Citations
When a bibliographic citation includes information about the degrees held by a cited
author, those degrees should typically be treated as text and not tagged.
Attributes
Multi-lang Attributes
Models and Context
May be contained in
Description
Any combination of:
- Text, numbers, or special characters
- Linking Elements
- Related Material Elements
- <hr> Horizontal Rule
- Emphasis Elements
- <bold> Bold
- <fixed-case> Fixed Case
- <italic> Italic
- <monospace> Monospace Text (Typewriter Text)
- <overline> Overline
- <overline-start> Overline Start
- <overline-end> Overline End
- <roman> Roman
- <sans-serif> Sans Serif
- <sc> Small Caps
- <strike> Strike Through
- <underline> Underline
- <underline-start> Underline Start
- <underline-end> Underline End
- <ruby> Ruby Annotation Wrapper
- <alternatives> Alternatives For Processing
- Inline Display Elements
- Inline Math Elements
- Math Elements
- Other Inline Elements
- Internal Linking Elements
- Baseline Change Elements
- <x> X - Generated Text and Punctuation
Content Model
<!ELEMENT degrees (#PCDATA %degrees-elements;)* >
Expanded Content Model
(#PCDATA | email | ext-link | uri | inline-supplementary-material | related-article | related-object | hr | bold | fixed-case | italic | monospace | overline | overline-start | overline-end | roman | sans-serif | sc | strike | underline | underline-start | underline-end | ruby | alternatives | inline-graphic | inline-media | private-char | chem-struct | inline-formula | tex-math | mml:math | abbrev | index-term | index-term-range-end | milestone-end | milestone-start | named-content | styled-content | fn | target | xref | sub | sup | x)*
Tagged Sample
In <contrib>
...
<article-meta>
...
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name><surname>Silverstein</surname>
<given-names>Michael Q.</given-names></name>
<aff id="UWW">
<institution>Department of Pathobiology
University of WallieWash</institution>
<addr-line>Oberlin, Washington 96204</addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name><surname>Taylor</surname>
<given-names>James C.</given-names></name>
<degrees>Ph D</degrees>
<aff id="affKalakukko">Kalakukko Corporation</aff>
<address>
<institution>Kalakukko Corporation</institution>
<addr-line>17 West Jefferson St.</addr-line>
<addr-line>Suite 207</addr-line>
<addr-line>New South Finland, MD 20856.</addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
<phone>(301) 754-5766</phone>
<fax>(301) 754-5765</fax>
<email>jct@kalakukko.com</email>
<uri>http://www.kalakukko.com</uri>
</address>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
...
</article-meta>
...