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<subtitle> Document Subtitle

Subordinate part of a title for a document or document component.

Usage/Remarks

In Metadata

In the article metadata, the article subtitle and title are identified separately and tagged with two different elements, the <article-title> and <subtitle> elements.
In Citations
In bibliographic citations, the subtitle of a document cannot be preserved separately as this Tag Set identifies no cited-subtitle elements. How the subtitle should be tagged depends on how the citation is tagged.
For references tagged with either the <element-citation> element or the <nlm-citation> element, which do not permit untagged text, there are two choices:
  • The subtitle may be included with the title inside the <article-title> element for journal articles or inside the <source> element for book titles, proceedings titles, and other titles; or
  • The subtitle may be tagged as <named-content> with a @content-type of “subtitle”.
For references tagged with the <mixed-citation> element, there are three choices:
  • The subtitle may be included with the title inside the <article-title> element for journal articles or inside the <source> element for book titles, proceedings titles, and other titles;
  • The subtitle may be left as untagged data characters within the text of the reference; or
  • The subtitle may be tagged as <named-content> with a @content-type of “subtitle”.

Best Practice In Citations

Although this Tag Set cannot enforce either practice, retrieval performance will be enhanced if the subtitle for all cited material is consistently placed within the <article-title> element for journal articles and within the <source> element for book titles, proceedings titles, and other documents. When marked as either a <named-content> or left as untagged text, the subtitle is easy to lose to searching. It is also not always easy to identify, particularly with historical or foreign material, which part of a multipart title is the main title and which the subtitle.
Related Elements
There are several elements concerned with the title of an article, all contained within the container element <title-group> in the article metadata:
  • The <article-title> is the full title of the article.
  • The <subtitle> is a subordinate or auxiliary title that adds information to the full title or modifies the full title.
  • The <alt-title> is another version of an article title, usually created so that the title can be processed in a distinct way, for example, a short version of the title for use in a Table of Contents, an ASCII title, or a version of the title to be used in the right-running-head.
The entire <title-group> should repeat to handle multiple languages, using the @xml:lang attribute to mark the language of the title group.
Attributes
content-type
specific-use

Multi-lang Attributes

lang-focus
lang-focus-custom
lang-group
lang-source
lang-source-custom
lang-translate
lang-variant
lang-variant-custom

Base Attributes

id
xml:base
xml:lang
Models and Context
May be contained in
<answer>, <answer-set>, <explanation>, <option>, <question>, <question-preamble>, <question-wrap-group>, <title-group>, <verse-group>
Description
Any combination of:
Content Model
<!ELEMENT  subtitle     (#PCDATA %subtitle-elements;)*               >
Expanded Content Model
(#PCDATA | email | ext-link | uri | inline-supplementary-material |
related-article | related-object | hr | bold | fixed-case | italic | monospace | overline |
overline-start | overline-end | roman | sans-serif | sc | strike | underline | underline-start |
underline-end | ruby | alternatives | inline-graphic | inline-media | private-char | chem-struct |
inline-formula | tex-math | mml:math | abbrev | index-term | index-term-range-end | milestone-end |
milestone-start | named-content | styled-content | fn | target | xref | sub | sup | x |
break)*
Tagged Sample

Article subtitle

<article dtd-version="1.4">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>...</journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1641</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="pmid">11598180</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group><subject>ESSAY</subject></subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title>Adaptins<fn id="FN206"><p>Online version of this 
     essay contains supplemental tabular material.</p></fn>
    </article-title>
    <subtitle>The Final Recount</subtitle>
   </title-group>
   ...
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 ...
</article>