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<caption> Caption of a Figure, Table, etc.
Container element for the textual description that is associated with an object (for
example, with a <fig> or <table-wrap>).
Usage/Remarks
A caption is a visible textual description of a table, figure, or similar object.
In print or display, a caption is usually recognizable because it is not part of the
ordinary text flow; it sits just under, above, beside, or in the same small window
or page area as the tabular portions of a table or the graphical portions of a figure.
A <caption> may contain many kinds of text associated with its object, for example, a title (tagged
as <title>), a descriptive paragraph (tagged as <p>), or a legend (which is not identified as a separate element in this Suite).
The text of the caption does not typically include words such as “Figure 3.” or “Table
11-a”. These labels may not be present in the XML file, since many publishers choose
to generate such text at display time, but if they are in the source XML, they may
be preserved using the <label> element.
Best Practice
In many journal articles, a distinction is made between the caption of a figure/table/etc.
and its title. There may be two separate tags (<caption> and <title>), or the first sentence of the caption may be set off typographically from the rest
of the caption to indicate that it is a title; for example, the first sentence may
be italic or bold. In either case, if it is obvious that the figure/table/etc. contains
both a title and a caption, both the title and the caption should both be tagged during
conversion, and the title should be moved inside the caption if it is outside.
Models and Context
May be contained in
Content Model
<!ELEMENT caption %caption-model; >
Expanded Content Model
(title?, (p)*)
Tagged Samples
In figure
...
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>... Details of randomization procedures, treatment
schedules, and numbers of patients followed up are
given on the <italic>BMJ</italic> website.</p>
<fig id="F1">
<label>Figure 1</label>
<caption>
<title>Deaths Among Patients Receiving Day Hospital
Care or Alternative Services.</title>
<p>Odds ratios of death by end of follow up were calculated
by fixed effects model. Heterogeneity between trials is
presented as χ<sup>2</sup></p>
</caption>
<graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
xlink:href="fors2662.f1"></graphic>
</fig>
<p>...</p>
</sec>
...
...
<fig id="f8" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>FIG. 8.</label>
<caption>
<p>Time difference between events F and A as a function of the
length of entering plug for bifurcations B to BXXX, where X stands
for 0 or 1.</p>
</caption>
<graphic orientation="portrait" position="float" xlink:href="f8"/>
</fig>
...In table
...
<table-wrap id="TN0.170">
<label>Table 17</label>
<caption>
<title>Patient Care at End of Follow Up</title>
<p>Numbers of patients receiving institutional care at
the end of scheduled follow up and use of hospital beds
among those allocated to day hospital or alternative
services</p>
</caption>
<table frame="box" rules="all" cellpadding="5">
<tr>
<th/>
<th colspan="3" align="center" rowspan="1">Institutional care</th>
<th align="left"/>
<th colspan="2" align="center" rowspan="1"> Bed use (days)</th>
</tr>
...
</table>
</table-wrap>
...
...
<table-wrap id="t2" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>Table II.</label>
<caption>
<p>Models to approximate the bound frequencies as waves
in X→M (<inline-graphic id="g1" xlink:href="d1"/>: Rotational,
<inline-graphic id="g2" xlink:href="d2"/>: Vibrate in <italic>y</italic>
direction, <inline-graphic id="g3" xlink:href="d3"/>: Vibrate in
<italic>x</italic> direction, <inline-graphic id="g4" xlink:href="d4"/>:
Vibrate mainly in <italic>y</italic> direction including a small
portion of vibration in <italic>x</italic> direction,
<inline-graphic id="g5" xlink:href="d5"/>: Vibrate mainly in
<italic>x</italic> direction including a small portion of vibration
in <italic>y</italic> direction).</p>
</caption>
<table border="1">...</table>
</table-wrap>
...Multiple graphic captions
... <fig id="F4"> <graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="pq0405498004" specific-use="internet"> <caption specific-use="short"> <p>Functional and evolutionary relationships between polyadenylation machineries and telomerases. The functional relationships described here are shaded.</p> </caption> <caption specific-use="long"> <p>Functional and evolutionary relationships between polyadenylation machineries and telomerases. The thick rectangular frame encompasses the Hfq and PABP II polyadenylation stimulatory factors. Hfq and PABP II are linked to enzymes that they modulate by thin rectangular frames. Members of the nucleotidyltransferase family are surrounded by an oval, and telomerase-related enzymes that maintain the 5′ extremities of RNA tagged by a hairpin structure are circled. The functional relationships described here are shaded.</p> </caption> </graphic> </fig> ...
With links to media objects
...
<fig id="f1" orientation="portrait" position="float">
<label>FIG. 1.</label>
<caption>
<p>(a) Schematic of the working principles of HFM, (b) a typical application
scheme for an electric bias in HFM, (c) regulation the conformations and
dynamics (trapping, concentration, and sudden stretching) of λ-DNA molecules
in HFM, and (d) schematic of the trapping location regulation (enhanced online).
[URL: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4762852.1">
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4762852.1</ext-link>]
<alternatives>
<media id="v1" mime-subtype="avi" mimetype="video" orientation="portrait"
position="anchor" specific-use="original-format"
xlink:href="v1-video1-orig.avi"/>
<media mime-subtype="mpeg" mimetype="video" orientation="portrait"
position="anchor" specific-use="archival-format"
xlink:href="v1-video1-archive.mpeg"/>
<media mime-subtype="x-flv" mimetype="video" orientation="portrait"
position="anchor" specific-use="online-format"
xlink:href="v1-video1-online.xfiv"/>
</alternatives>
</p>
</caption>
<graphic orientation="portrait" position="float" xlink:href="f1"/>
<graphic id="f1a" orientation="portrait" position="float"
xlink:href="dummy1.png"/>
<graphic id="f1b" orientation="portrait" position="float"
xlink:href="dummy2.png"/>
<graphic id="f1c" orientation="portrait" position="float"
xlink:href="dummy3.png"/>
<graphic id="f1d" orientation="portrait" position="float"
xlink:href="dummy4.png"/>
</fig>
...Table (two languages)
... <table-wrap id="t1"> <label xml:lang="pt">Tabela 1</label> <label xml:lang="en">Table 1</label> <caption xml:lang="pt"> <title>Matriz de análise política.</title> </caption> <caption xml:lang="en"> <title>Political Analysis Matrix.</title> </caption> <table frame="hsides" rules="groups"> ... </table> <table-wrap-foot> <attrib>Source: Prepared by authors from <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">Monke and Pearson (1989)</xref>. </attrib> </table-wrap-foot> </table-wrap> ...
Related Resources
- See: "Multiple Labels and Captions inside One Table" inside "Multi-Language Tables" inside Tagging Tables
- See: Hierarchy diagram - Figure