◇◆

<degrees> Degree(s)

Academic titles or professional certifications displayed following a personal name (for example, “MD”, “PhD”).

Usage/Remarks

This element is used inside container elements about the person, such as the <contrib> element or the <speaker>. This element relates only to people, and typically follows the name of a person.
As part of information about a contributor, the <suffix> element should be used for parts of people’s names (for example, “Jr.”), not for degrees. The academic degrees are part of the information that is known about a contributor, not part of the name of the contributor, and should take the <degrees> element. Degree and certification information may be placed directly following the person’s name within the contributor information: 
<contrib contrib-type="..." corresp="yes">
  <name>
    <surname>Smyth-Jones</surname>
    <given-names>George</given-names>
    <suffix>Sr.</suffix>
  </name>
  <degrees>PhD</degrees>
</contrib>

Best Practice In Citations

When a bibliographic citation includes information about the degrees held by a cited author, those degrees should typically be treated as text and not tagged.
Related Elements
This element is not related to the similarly named MathML <degree> element, which is a mathematical term for angles and relationships and does not relate to people or education.
Attributes
content-type
specific-use

Base Attributes

id
xml:base
xml:lang
Models and Context
May be contained in
<contrib>, <speaker>, <string-name>
Description
Text, numbers, or special characters, zero or more
Content Model
<!ELEMENT  degrees      (#PCDATA %degrees-elements;)*                >
Expanded Content Model

(#PCDATA)*

Tagged Sample

In <contrib> 

...
<article-meta>
 ...
 <contrib-group>
  <contrib contrib-type="author">
   <name><surname>Silverstein</surname>
    <given-names>Michael Q.</given-names></name>
   <aff id="UWW">
    <institution>Department of Pathobiology
     University of WallieWash</institution>
    <addr-line>Oberlin, Washington 96204</addr-line>
    <country>USA</country></aff>
  </contrib>

  <contrib contrib-type="author">
   <name><surname>Taylor</surname>
    <given-names>James C.</given-names></name>
   <degrees>Ph D</degrees>
   <aff id="affKalakukko">Kalakukko Corporation</aff>
   <address>
    <institution>Kalakukko Corporation</institution>
    <addr-line>17 West Jefferson St.</addr-line>
    <addr-line>Suite 207</addr-line>
    <addr-line>New South Finland, MD 20856.</addr-line>
    <country>USA</country>
    <phone>(301) 754-5766</phone>
    <fax>(301) 754-5765</fax>
    <email>jct@kalakukko.com</email>
    <uri>http://www.kalakukko.com</uri>
   </address>
  </contrib>
 </contrib-group>
 ...
</article-meta>
...